Knee replacement (knee arthroplasty) is one of the most reliable operations in modern orthopaedics. For people whose knee pain no longer responds to medicines, injections or physiotherapy, it can restore comfortable, independent movement. This guide explains what usually happens at each stage so you can feel prepared.
Who may benefit
Your doctor may discuss knee replacement if you have advanced arthritis with persistent pain, stiffness, or difficulty walking and climbing stairs — especially when daily life and sleep are affected. An examination and an X-ray (available in-house) help confirm whether the joint surface is worn.
Before surgery
- A pre-anaesthetic check-up, blood tests and imaging to plan the procedure safely.
- Optimising blood sugar, blood pressure and any heart condition beforehand.
- Simple "prehab" exercises to strengthen the muscles around the knee.
During the procedure
The worn surfaces of the joint are replaced with smooth, durable implants. Surgery is usually done under spinal or general anaesthesia in a modular operation theatre, and most people stay in hospital for a few days.
Recovery and physiotherapy
Recovery is a partnership. Guided physiotherapy — often starting the day after surgery — is the single biggest factor in a good result. Expect to:
- Begin gentle walking with support early, increasing distance gradually.
- Do daily range-of-motion and strengthening exercises.
- Return to most everyday activities over several weeks, as advised by your surgeon.
When to seek help
Contact the hospital promptly for increasing pain, swelling, redness, fever, or calf pain. Our emergency team is available 24×7.